MBABANE – The proposed Gangsterism Suppression Act has ignited a national debate, not only on its potential effectiveness but also on its implications for human rights, youth rehabilitation, and law enforcement practices in Eswatini.

As concerns about rising gang-related crimes persist, lawmakers are pushing for stricter legal measures to curb criminal activities. However, legal experts, human rights advocates, and community leaders warn that the proposed bill could have unintended consequences, particularly for young people who may be unfairly targeted.

Concerns Over Youth Criminalization

One of the biggest concerns surrounding the proposed Act is its potential impact on minors and young adults. Critics argue that the broad definitions of gang-related activities could lead to mass arrests of youth, many of whom might not be directly involved in organized crime but rather pressured into certain behaviors due to socioeconomic conditions.

“Instead of criminalizing young people, we need interventions that provide them with opportunities to leave crime behind,” said Thando Dlamini, a human rights lawyer. “Rehabilitation programs, education initiatives, and social support should be prioritized over punitive measures.”

Balancing Law and Civil Liberties

The Ministry of Justice has defended the Act, stating that it is designed to dismantle gang structures and restore public safety. The bill includes harsher penalties for gang-related crimes, increased police surveillance, and new search-and-seizure powers for law enforcement.

However, some legal analysts caution that such measures could infringe on constitutional rights, particularly regarding privacy and freedom of association. “There is a risk that the law could be misused to target marginalized communities, rather than focusing on actual crime syndicates,” noted Professor Sipho Maseko, a constitutional law expert.

Alternatives to Suppression

Rather than solely emphasizing suppression, community leaders have called for a more comprehensive approach to tackling gangsterism. This includes investing in community-based initiatives such as job creation, mentorship programs, and increased mental health support for at-risk youth.

“The root cause of gangsterism is poverty, lack of education, and unemployment,” said community activist Bheki Mhlanga. “If we don’t address these issues, harsher laws will only create a cycle of crime and incarceration.”

Public Response and Future Debates

The public remains divided on the issue. While some citizens welcome tougher measures to combat crime, others fear that the proposed law could be misapplied and lead to abuses by authorities. Lawmakers are expected to hold further consultations before finalizing the bill.

As Eswatini grapples with rising crime rates and youth involvement in gangs, the country faces a crucial decision—whether to implement stricter legal measures or to adopt a more rehabilitative and preventive approach to combating gangsterism.